The best foods for a healthy liver

The liver every day coming into contact with a hazardous toxins to be removed from our bodies. Our central laboratory has many other functions such as the synthesis of proteins, hormones and blood coagulation factors. The liver is also a storehouse of vitamins and iron. The human body is the perfection of nature, but sometimes needs our help. 

This is a list of foods that will keep your liver healthy.
For the health of the liver, but also the entire body, you need to eat fruits and vegetables, such as bananas, tomatoes, plums and grapes. Try to eat a few almonds daily. Provide your body enough water.

For detoxification of the liver are the best fresh juices of carrot, beetroot, radicchio and dandelion.
Artichoke, milk thistle and burdock contains plenty of silymarin and inulin which are grat for the liver. When inflammation of the liver as a drug used milk thistle extract. Artichoke contains cynarin which is great for people who have fatty liver. The above cynarin and caffeic acid, which are found in the artichokes are extremely strong hepatoprotective effect. 

Artichoke is the best choice for a healthy liver. 


Inulin is a fiber which helps bowel movement, which is very important for optimal liver function, because each constipation or constipation, a potential danger to the liver. In addition, inulin is a natural probiotic, or food that aids the function of the good intestinal bacteria. Encouraging their growth and development and preventing the growth and development of pathogenic bacteria, inulin is often added probiotics in fermented dairy products, which can be found in stores. 

Garlic is a natural antibiotic. It has powerful antibacterial and antiviral effect, reduces the harmful cholesterol in the blood. Garlic contains sulfur compounds that assist in detoxification of heavy metals. Olive oil and garlic are the guarantee for good health. 


Fruits that are rich in pectin, such as apples and pears, effectively lowers cholesterol. Pectins are, in fact, binding of the bile acid and thus helps knockdown values ​​and decreasing liver cholesterol. Day in the body to enter about 25 g of ballast substances, therefore need to eat more fresh fruits and vegetables such as plums, citrus, legumes, oats, rice, cabbage and cauliflower. Legumes such as peas and beans are a rich source of the amino acid arginine, which helps detoxify ammonia. Ammonia occurs in our bodies daily protein breakdown and liver effectively removes him. 

Green vegetables are a source of chlorophyll, great cleaners of your  liver.  Chlorophyll has antioxidant effect and protects against cancer. Very useful for liver consuming juice thistle. Silymarin from thistle has a beneficial effect on the liver. For thousands of years, the thistle is used for liver protection. 
Silymarin is effective in liver damage caused by alcohol and drugs, with gallstones and fungal diseases. It has strong anti-inflammatory effect. 


These are the foods that yout liver likes:

• fruits (without limitation)
• vegetables (cooking, use olive oil)
• low-fat vegetable soup
• cheese of skimmed milk
• eggs (maximum of 3 per week)
• poultry, chicken, turkey and veal
• fish
• olive oil
• honey (chestnut)
• homemade jams without additives or preservatives
• Teas (burdock, sage, mint, fruit and vegetables)

In addition to the dietary changes you can use: 

• B vitamins,  who restored the liver
• Vitamin C, which neutralize toxins and act as an antioxidant
• lecithin and phospholipids to prevent the storage of fat in the liver
• pollen and propolis, protect the liver from alcohol and neutralize free radicals
• silymarin

Tips for a healthy liver

The liver is the central laboratory, which, together with the kidneys eliminate toxins from our body. A healthy liver is an essential prerequisite for the health of the whole organism. 

A healthy diet is a crucial factor for liver health. Unhealthy eating habits are our everyday life .Sudden changes in diet are not good for  liver. Liver damage can be the result of malnutrition.Liver can endanger alcohol, cigarettes and poor diet. 

Below are some useful tips for health of your liver. 

Garlic, onions, broccoli, whole grains, berries, yogurt and green tea are very healthy detoxifying foods 

Use olive oil 
Olive oil is liquid gold for our body for many reasons. Protects against cardiovascular disease, but the stores and the health of your liver. When cooking with olive oil, always put the flame on medium heat. 

Eat foods rich in sulfur 
The liver produces many enzymes which perform a number of functions. Particularly important is their role in the breakdown of some drugs, and the harmful substances in the body. Enzymes are made better by eating foods rich in sulfur, such as Brussels sprouts, cabbage and broccoli. 

Eat organic foods 
There's a lot less pesticides, which are poisonous. Pesticides are extremely harmful to the liver, and one of them can cause cancer. 

Vitamins are part of a healthy diet 
Foods rich in vitamins and minerals, carrots, broccoli, almonds, potatoes, and many others. These foods should be part of your everyday life. 

Lecithin is a friend of your liver 
Consumption of foods rich in lecithin will help you have a healthy liver. Seafood, green vegetables, legumes and dairy compounding especially rich in lecithin. Eat them to increase the production of phosphatidyl choline. Phosphatidyl Choline helps to build up the membrane of liver cells, thereby creating a healthier liver. 

Carbohydrates can be dangerous 
Excessive consumption of carbohydrates can cause fatty deposits in the liver. Fatty liver is the result of excessive intake of sugar. To avoid damage to the liver from the potentially harmful effects control the intake of salt and carbohydrates. 

Caffeine is not overly useful 
If you are addicted to coffee, then every time you drink a cup of coffee instead of water. Water cleans toxins from the blood. 

Eat vegetables 
Vegetable is rich in antioxidants that eliminate free radicals, free radicals. Cabbage, carrots, cauliflower, sunflower, kale, Brussels sprouts and artichokes are foods rich in antioxidants. 

Free yourself from stress. 
Stress is the biggest cause of many health problems, including liver damage. Try to find the best technique for stress reduction. 

Exercise is beneficial for the whole body 
Exercising every day opening the pores, increases blood circulation, burns fat and relaxes the mind. Exercise also eliminates free radicals from the body through sweat glands. Swimming and walking are very effective exercises for the entire body health.

What is not healthy for your liver?

The liver is the central laboratory in our body. Everyday is exposed to a number of toxins that occur in our bodies or coming from the external environment.

Today is the perfect day to adopt healthy habits. Take the first step, the next day another and soon your body will feel very positive changes.

Alcohol is the enemy of your liver. It is a fact that is well known for hundreds of years. With alcohol you have to be very careful. Often excessive alcohol consumption can greatly contribute to liver damage and other organs in our body especially the heart and nervous system. The alcohol is metabolized in the liver. Daily terror liver alcohol depletes its ability to work, interferes with the secretion of digestive enzymes and lead to reduced absorption of substances that our body is extremely necessary. People who consume alcohol frequently, almost always have a deficit of protein, vitamin B, vitamin D, A, E and K. Because alcohol intake the body is not getting enough vitamin B1 and folic acid. Harmful effects of alcohol may cause the appearance of a fatty liver disease, or a disease called alcoholic steatohepatitis. Alcohol causes cirrhosis of the liver.

Cigarettes are also a great enemy of the health of your liver magical. When the inhale cigarette smoke can enter into the body over 4000 toxin, such as nicotine, benzopyrene, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, cyanide, tar, acetaldehyde, acrolein and the like. Liver, lungs, and kidneys where they are metabolized toxins above.

When I was a little girl fruits and vegetables looked so healthy and had an overwhelming smell. Today, unfortunately there are so many  genetically modified food and hundreds of pesticides. 
Healthy food is not easy to buy, because of the lack of the market, partly because of high prices.  Chemical agency are potent poisons. Traces of pesticides in food damage our liver. Food should be thoroughly washed before eating. This way you can remove some of the pesticides, insecticides and additives.

Do not over eat. Liver really bother too abundant meals. Intemperance in eating and drinking demands from the liver "overtime" work, a tired liver is not very successful in the detoxification of harmful substances. Therefore, treat your beloved holiday liver.

How to speed up recovery after a liver disease?

The liver has a great capacity for regeneration. Today there are a number of natural remedies and methods that can help your liver to recover after illness. 

Life today takes place extremely rapidly, more eating junk food, drink alcohol, smoke cigarettes, swallowing several pills and no one asks how our livers manage to remove all these toxins?

Diseases of the liver are insidious because symptoms occur mainly at the stage when the disease is advanced. More women suffer from cirrhosis, hepatitis, fatty liver and other diseases that are closely related to lifestyle.

Below are some tips that will help you to save the health of your liver

Potbelly is a terrible enemy of your liver

Fat that accumulates around your waist is a wild gland that each class produces a huge number of pollutants that threaten our lives. People who are overweight have inflammation of the liver known by various names: fatty liver, hepatic steatosis, fatty infiltration of the liver and steatohepatitis.Your liver is suffering because of your obesity. Get rid of the excess weight. Run, swim, navigate enough. The best recommendation for weight loss is to lose about a pound a week. What A particularly want to point out that obesity is directly related to the scaling and inflammation of the gallbladder. You may have noticed that most of the people who operated the gall bladder are overweight. Physical activity stimulates the flow of blood through your liver, and thus facilitate its work.


Proper nutrition is extremely important

Make sure that your diet is balanced. You need to eat foods from all groups. Reduce the intake of salt and sugar. Use olive oil. Reduce your intake of desserts. Cleanse the body by one week to declare a seven fruits and vegetables. Eat fresh fruits and vegetables.

Consider vaccination against hepatitis B, especially if pinned risk group. Take care of your sexual behavior.


You need to consume more zinc in your body. Zinc deficiency in the body is associated with chronic liver disease and cirrhosis. The seeds are a great source of zinc.

Acupuncture is a healthy process detoxication and stimulates the liver.

Recent studies have shown that coffee has a positive effect on the health of the liver. I think it's great news for all coffee lovers. However, do not overdo it!


Do not use too many vitamin supplements.
People living in the delusion that he was taking a lot of vitamins for good health. Synthetic (man-made) vitamins can impair liver health and a range of other functions in our body. Therefore, people eat fresh fruits and vegetables!

Do any minute resort to painkillers. Acetaminophen, known as paracetamol is a strong poison for the liver.

You can drink alcohol, but you should drink wisely!
Alcohol can drink occasionally. The biggest problem of alcohol consumption was drinking every day. If you are celebrating something today, then the next day do not take  alcohol that liver can recover  sufficiently. You need to consume about 8 glasses of water a day. 

What foods are great for your liver?

The liver is the main factory in our body and the place where it collects and removes waste from our bodies. The liver is the perfect laboratory, which usually works flawlessly. Although it is perfect and has a great capacity for regeneration, should not be an excessive burden on harmful substances in the food we eat. People who already have diagnosed liver disease must take very much about nutrition.

There are a number of foods that have beneficial effects on the function of our dear liver.
In general, the health of the liver and the entire body is the most important measure and maintain a balance in your diet.

For a healthy liver and long life you should eat the following foods:

Vegetables in fresh condition, because the only way the body gets protective and energy-relevant materials.

Herbaceous plants are great for the liver. Cabbage is a very healthy, even though many of us are not big fans of this plant. Cabbage is best eaten fresh, in salads. Due to the bloating cabbage is preferable to add a little cumin

Cabbage should be used in fresh form, as a salad or as a fresh-squeezed juice is beneficial and in severe liver disease. To prevent bloating in the cooked cabbage to add a little cumin. Tasty and sauerkraut, but not for the people with liver disease and high blood pressure.

Potatoes are a great food for all liver diseases.

Tomatoes are great for neutralizing harmful substances into our body every day. Lycopene in tomatoes protects us from cancer.

Carrot is rich in fiber and vitamins, especially the major source of vitamin A which is essential for daily function of the liver and its regeneration.

Radish is helpful for patients with hepatitis, chronic liver disease in the form of cirrhosis of the liver. Radish improves the production of bile and helps eliminate toxins.

Fruit is a friend of your liver. Citrus fruits are the real friends of your liver. Orange stimulates the elimination of bile from the liver, gallbladder and prevent the formation of tartar in the gallbladder.

Olive oil is very healthy for the liver. Best for your body is cold olive oil in a variety of salads.Heating and cooking olive oil loses its beneficial qualities, because most of the active substances are inactivated at temperatures above 40 C.

Many spices are real magicians when it comes to liver function. Spices should not use the way you like, fresh or in cooking. Particularly healthy for the liver as celery, horseradish, onion, garlic and ginger.

Olives are very healthy for people to have normal liver function, but not recommended for diseases of the liver due to the high salt content.

Lemon participates in the regulation of blood flow through the liver and thus promotes rapid and efficient elimination of harmful substances from our bodies. Lemon juice, honey and water stimulate overall digestion.

Grape is rich in antioxidants that protect our liver and the whole body. Blueberries are also very healthy for our liver.

I hope that today you will give yourself at least one of the above ingredients. Think of your health, because no one else will do it for you.

What you should know about your liver?

The liver is our magic laboratory, without which life is impossible. An incredibly perfect, complex and powerful organ that protects us from harmful substances. The liver has great strength self-regeneration (regeneration), but everything in life has its limits. Do not test the ability of his body, but think about your health and your liver.
Every day, you can make a small step that will improve day by day your health and keep your liver.

Have you ever thought how many times in life you take food or medications that can damage your liver. How to pill a year? How to toxins in ten years? How many liters are harmful drinking carbonated beverages, as toxic additives you eat? The body remembers everything, even when damage is fully restored. This is especially true for the liver and lungs. Therefore, we also suggest that you forget about the cigarettes!

Any bad habits endanger your health. Poor eating habits threaten the health of the liver. Fatty liver has become a huge problem today. It is most common in the metabolic syndrome and obesity.You've heard the term fatty liver?
Well my dear friends of fatty liver is not an innocent thing, it is a special type of inflammation of the liver, popularly known as NASH, or nonalcoholic steatohepatitis. This type of inflammation is almost regular companion thick and can make a huge impact on your body.

Do not eat fast food, or eat less. I also love fried potatoes, potato chips, baked and fried foods, pastry, but slowly trying to change some habits.

If there is damage to the liver, where compromised liver function registers a series of health problems, and gradually the body enters a state called. chronic poisoning.


The liver is a vital organ, through which flows a large amount of blood from a number of harmful substances, the liver removes from our bodies. All these poisons gradually or abruptly can damage the liver, especially in situations where you have a chronic illness of the liver in the form of hepatitis. Liver cells, called hepatocytes.


How to identify problems with your liver?

The most common symptoms of liver disease are chronic fatigue, headaches, insomnia, mood swings, indigestion, constipation, flatulence, vomiting, nausea. In the final stages there are yellowing of the skin and mucous membranes, swelling of the legs and abdomen, consciousness disturbances and liver (hepatic, hepatic) coma. The most common cause of liver failure is liver. The liver is also very important in the normal functioning of the immune system. Liver dysfunction affects other organs in our body.

What to do when you know you have a diseased liver?

Any liver disease can be acute and chronic. If the disease does not go into a definite state (chronicity), then the liver in most cases recover completely. If you exceed the disease into a chronic stage, it is a big problem, because most liver disease ultimately is not curable, but can be kept under control. At the point of permanent damage to the liver, it creates scar tissue, or fibrosis, which is a reaction to the inflammatory process. Severe form of fibrosis leading to cirrhosis of the liver. Science of liver disease called hepatology.
The most common liver disease as alcoholic liver disease, hepatitis, fatty liver, toxic liver damage.
Fatty liver has two forms. One is related to alcohol consumption and is called alcoholic steatohepatitis. The second form is associated with obesity and with enealkoholni called steatohepatitis. Liver disease in the first phase manifests enlargement of the liver, which is called hepatomegaly. Fatty liver steatosis denoted by the term.


What are the common symptoms of liver disease?

Clinical features of liver disease is diverse. Some of the symptoms belonging to the common symptoms, such as fatigue, loss of appetite, indigestion, nausea, bloating, constipation (constipation), vomiting, sexual dysfunction, decreased libido, hemorrhoids, menstrual cycle disorders, impaired fertility, stabbing abdominal pain below right ribs port, skin yellowing (icterus), swelling, swelling of the abdomen (ascites).
In advanced liver disease occur jaundice (jaundice), coagulation disorders (coagulation) of blood, decreased muscle mass, arachnoids angioma (spider naevus), erythema (redness) palms, decreased body hair, breast enlargement (gynecomastia), fluid accumulation in the abdomen (ascites ) and bleeding from esophageal varices due.


What not to eat, because your liver does not like it?

Most medications are metabolized through the liver and during its passage through the liver, the right of damages. Particularly harmful substance acetaminophen or paracetamol which has been shown to be toxic to the liver (hepatotoxic). Tylenol is often used, indomethacin, some antibiotics, anti-tuberculosis drugs, anesthetics (halothane) are also otrvoni the liver. These drugs have a direct toxic effect on the liver cells. poisonous mushrooms contain very strong hepatotoxin.
There are drugs that cause stagnation of bile, or holestatskog lead to liver damage, such as phenothiazine, some antidepressants, sex hormones. The most  damages disappears after discontinuation. Sometimes he comes to the appearance of permanent damage with prolonged, frequent drug use.

How to cure liver disease?

The best treatment is prevention. Stop consume toxins, bad food and drugs needlessly, reject alcohol and cigarettes vaccinated against hepatitis, note the transmission through sexual contact.The first step is setting up a correct diagnosis. Treatment is usually medicament. In the late stages the only cure is a liver transplant or liver transplant.

The people and the medical community for a long time used drugs have a protective effect on the liver, called the hepatoprotective drugs (hepatoprotective). They are not a cure for the ailing liver.These medications are only supplements and additives. Today there are a number of drugs that have a hepatoprotective effect.
They can be classified into two groups: antifibrotic/ anti-inflammatory and antioxidant resources. The hepatoprotective including B group vitamins, essential phospholipids, vitamin E, betaine. As an anti-inflammatory medications are used: ursodesoxicholic acid, pentoxifylline and losartan (angiotensin receptor antagonist).

What can we find in the market?
The most common drugs that protect the liver include B complex vitamins, and sylimarin Hepatil. Sylimarin is an excellent remedy for the liver, is made from milk thistle extract and contains three flavonoids (silybin, silychristin and silydianin). Sylimarin protects liver cells their antioxidant effects, protects against free radicals, stimulates protein synthesis, increases the synthesis of glutathione by over 35%. Sylimarin is good for a variety of liver diseases such as alcoholic liver disease, mushroom poisoning, drug damage (medicament hepatitis), viral hepatitis. Hepatil contains ornithine aspartate to facilitate detoxification and regeneration of liver cells and may be useful in inflammatory diseases (viral hepatitis) and alcoholic liver disease. Beneficial effect is achieved in the synthesis of glutamine and by increasing the synthesis of urea and ammonia elimination.

How to keep your liver?
Avoid junk, fatty foods, cigarettes and alcohol. Think of your body weight. Eat fruits, grains, legumes (peas, beans, green beans, broad beans). Eat a variety of nuts and seeds (sesame, flax, sunflower, pumpkin). Sometimes you use vitamin supplements, but only sometimes and do not go overboard!
What is not good for your liver and your entire body saturated fat, refined sugar and alcohol in particular.
Note the intake of coffee. Coffee eventually tired of your liver. I have already said that the liver remembers everything.
Look for fruits and vegetables that are not treated with pesticides. Pesticides are poisons extreme for your liver.
Day by day you're making small steps to improve your health. 

Symptoms of liver disease

The liver is a marvelous laboratory of our body. Every day, it performs a number of complex functions. The liver participates in the removal of toxins from our body produces bile, participate in the digestion of food, the deposit of vitamins, protein production and coagulation factors. Liver, with the kidneys is the main organ that protects us from toxic and harmful substances. The liver has great recovery, and unfortunately the symptoms of liver disease usually detected at an advanced stage.

Liver Health
Liver (lat.hepar) is located below the right rib cage, in the right upper abdomen. Is the largest internal organ. It weighs about 1.5 pounds and has a large number of blood vessels, causing all of the injuries of the liver accompanied by massive bleeding. The liver is the organ without which man can not live. Unlike other organs that can not be selfrecovery, the liver has a high capacity for regeneration. Liver health largely depends on the way we live. The fact is that many of us terrorizes her own body toxins, cigarettes, coffee, alcohol, unhealthy and greasy fast food, preservatives.
Special danger to the liver is often taking medications, according to their own choice, without consulting a doctor.

Symptoms of liver disease and occur in a wide variety of different combinations. The most common are fatigue, insomnia, headaches, depression, indigestion, constipation, nausea, bloating, mood changes, stomach pain. The symptoms listed above are not specific only for liver disease, but I can certainly point to the fact that there are problems. Symptoms that are typical of liver disease, unfortunately occurring at an advanced stage. These are the yellowing of the skin (jaundice, icterus), decreased muscle mass, breast enlargement in men (gynecomastia), bad breath, reduced hairiness, bleeding tendency, swollen abdomen, swollen legs, blurred consciousness. The final stage of the liver, liver (hepatic) coma.

Liver failure can be acute and chronic. Most often when the disease does not move from acute to chronic phase, the liver is completely healed. If the disease passes from acute to chronic form, as is often the case with hepatitis B and C, the functional reserve of the liver is slowly depleted, normal liver tissue is converted to scarring (fibrosis), destroy the anatomy of the liver and bloodstream and develop chronic liver failure, usually in the form of cirrhosis.
Cirrhosis of the liver rapidly leads to liver failure and the only solution is a liver transplant, which no one would wish.
Therefore, my friends think of your health, take your liver, amazing lab in our body. 

How to keep your liver healthy?

The liver is a central laboratory in our body. It is the organ which  through the majority of poison, which she eliminate in a magical way, professionally  removed, in order to live. It has a great ability to repair itself when is damaged and has a high capacity for regeneration. 

Our liver is overworked with the many daily duties: producing proteins, clotting factors, preserves vitamins and iron, liver is  involved in the digestion of food, metabolise fat, eliminate toxins and other harmful substances accidentally or intentionally into our body. The liver is also involved in the regulation of blood sugar and participates in the maintenance of optimal amounts of hormones in our body. 

We are often ruthless, to our liver, and she so carefully guard our health, even when we sleep it is hard at work. Symptoms of liver damage are the most common: chronic fatigue, insomnia, depression, headaches, itchy skin, yellow skin, migraines, mood swings, nausea, constipation, diarrhea, flatulence, loss of appetite, and in advanced stages of yellowing of the skin, swelling of legs and abdomen. 

Save your liver, discard bad habits, alcohol, coffee, drugs, fatty and fried foods, cigarettes and similar poisons. Eat olive oil, pumpkin oil, and fruits and vegetables without pesticides. 

There are certain foods that take care of your liver, even when it is quite corrupt: These are cheese, yogurt, beets, whey, cranberries, blueberries and artichokes. 

Dandelion, Licorice, Milk Thistle, gentian and tincture of white mallow are great friends of your liver, in small doses, of course. In life  anything should not be exaggerated. 
Remember that our body is perfect, in the most cases our body has the ability to regenerate and recover when damaged, but remember everything has its limits! 
Have a  nice day my friends! 

Achalasia

Introduction

Achalasia (kardiospazam, oesophageal antiperistaltika, megaezofagus) is a nerve disorder of unknown cause that can be confronted with two processes: the rhythmic waves of contraction that push food down the esophagus, called peristalsis, and with the opening of the esophageal sphincter.

Ahalaziju may cause malfunction of the nerves that surround the esophagus and supplies his muscles.

Symptoms and Complications

Achalasia can occur at any age of life, but almost unrecognized usually starts between the ages of 20-40 years and then gradually progresses months and years. The main symptom is difficulty swallowing and solid and liquid food.Pinched lower oesophageal sphincter causes the esophagus above it significantly expanded.

Other symptoms may include chest pain, vomiting facilities extended esophagus and cough at night. Although rarely, chest pain may be caused by swallowing or for some vague cause. About a third of people who have returned ahalaziju undigested food apnea. They can be inhaled into the lungs due to food which may lead to the development of lung abscess, bronchiectasis (enlargement and infections of the respiratory tract) or aspiration pneumonia.Achalasia is a risk factor for esophageal cancer, although such a cancer probably get less than 5% of people with achalasia.

Diagnosis and prognosis

Rtg esophagus made during the time a person swallows barium porridge shows absence of peristalsis. The esophagus is expanded, often of enormous size, while in the lower esophageal sphincter narrowed. Measuring the pressure inside the esophagus (manometry) indicates the absence of contraction, increasing pressures closing lower esophageal sphincter and incomplete opening of the sphincter when a person swallows. Esophagoscopy (of the esophagus through a flexible tube with a video camera observation) indicates expansion, but not narrowing (obstruction).

When esophagoscopy doctor for a biopsy (take tissue samples for examination under a microscope) to make sure the symptoms are not due to cancer in the lower part of the esophagus. Viewing is done and to cut out as the cause of scleroderma, a disease that affects the muscles and can make it difficult to swallow.

Often the cause of achalasia is not serious and does not lead to any serious illness. Prognosis is not so good if gastric contents into lungs because lung complications difficult to treat.

Treatment

The aim of treatment is easier to open the lower esophageal sphincter. The first approach is to expand the sphincter mechanical, eg inflating a balloon inside the sphincter. The results of this procedure in 40% of cases satisfactorily, but may be required and repeated expansion. Nitrates (such as nitroglycerin placed under the tongue before meals) or calcium channel blockers (eg, nifedipine) may delay the need for a second procedure to expand, because they help relax the sphincter. In less than 1% of the esophagus may rupture during the expansion, leading to inflammation of the surrounding tissue (mediastinitis). To close the rift in the wall of the esophagus is required immediate surgical intervention.

As an alternative to mechanical expansion doctor may lower oesophageal sphincter inject venom botulinus. This newer treatment is as effective as mechanical expansion, but long-term effects are not yet known.

If you expand or treating poison botulinus are not successful, surgery is usually performed cutting muscle or the lower esophageal sphincter. The surgery is successful in about

85% of cases. However, in about 15% of people after surgery with occasional return (reflux) acid.

Appendicitis

Appendicitis is the inflammation of the appendix (appendectomy). Appendix is ​​a small tube-shaped fingers that stick out from the colon near the point where it is connected to the small intestine. Appendix could have an immunological role, but not an essential organ. 

Besides catches (inkarceriranih) hernia, appendicitis is the most common cause of sudden, severe abdominal pain and abdominal surgeries in the United States. Appendicitis is most common between the ages of 10-30 years.

The cause of appendicitis is not fully understood. In most cases, the blockage inside the appendix probably starts the process in which the appendix becomes inflamed and infected. If the inflammation continues without treatment, the appendix can kill you. Torn appendix contained full pours intestinal bacteria in the stomach, causing peritonitis, which can lead to life-threatening infections.

Burst (rupture) may cause appendicitis and abscess formation. In women, the infection can lead to ovary and fallopian tube, and fallopian tube blockage that occurs as a result, can cause infertility. Terminate the appendix may allow bacteria to infect the bloodstream, it is a life-threatening condition called septicemia.

Symptoms

Less than half of people with appendicitis have a combination of characteristic symptoms: nausea, vomiting, wrenching pain in the lower abdomen. The pain may begin suddenly in the upper abdomen or around the navel, then you develop nausea and vomiting. After several hours, nausea passes and pain turns into the right lower abdomen.When the doctor pressed the area, it is sensitive, and when tension is released, the pain sharp increases, the symptom is called referred pain. Often a fever of 37.7 ° -38.3 ° C.

The pain can be, especially in small and larger children, to be general and not limited to the right lower abdomen. In elderly people and pregnant women the pain is usually weaker and the area is less sensitive.

If the appendix torn, pain and fever may become severe. Worsening the infection can lead to shock.

Diagnosis and Treatment

Blood tests showed a moderate increase in the number of white blood cells in response to infection. Usually they are in the early stage of appendicitis most tests, including X-ray, CT and TO, essentially useless.

Doctor diagnosis typically based on the findings of the physical examination. To prevent discord appendicitis, abscess formation, or inflammation of the abdominal membrane, doctor-surgeon immediately to make the surgical procedure.

In almost 15% of operations for appendicitis is a normal appendix. However, delaying surgery until a doctor becomes sure what the cause of abdominal pain can be fatal: infected appendix can tear in less than 24 hours after onset of symptoms. Even when appendicitis is not the cause, appendix is ​​usually removed. Then the surgeon search belly and tries to find the real cause of the pain.

With early surgery, the probability of death from appendicitis is very low. A person can usually leave the hospital for 2-3 days, a normal recovery is fast and complete.

When torn appendix, the prognosis is much more serious. Fifty years ago, dissension was often lethal. Antibiotics are lowered mortality to almost zero, but may be required repeated surgery and a long recovery.

Abdominal pain

Introduction

Stomach pain can be caused by digestive system or elsewhere in the abdomen. Such problems include esophageal strife, discord ulcers, irritable bowel syndrome, appendicitis, pancreatitis and gallstones. Some of these diseases are relatively mild, while others can be life-threatening. The doctor must decide if you need immediate treatment or can not wait until a diagnostic test.

 

Diagnosis and Treatment

The key to the diagnosis of the doctor giving the nature of pain and its formation in relation to eating and movement.If other family members have had abdominal disease such as gall stones, the same disorder may have a patient.

An important key may be the appearance of a person, such as jaundice (evident by yellowish discolouration of skin and sclera) indicates liver disease, gallbladder or bile ducts.

Doctor scans the abdomen, examining the sensitivity and any abnormal buildup. When gently pressed the abdominal wall, one feels the pain, and if the pressure suddenly discounts, pain can become even stronger, a symptom called referred pain. This symptom usually indicates inflammation of the peritoneum (the membrane covering the abdominal cavity), called peritonitis.

Diagnostic tests for pain in the abdominal cavity include blood and urine tests, x-ray, ultrasound and CT. When it seems that abdominal pain is due to bowel obstruction, probijenog or the taxation authorities such as the gallbladder, appendix or bowel, or abscess (collection of pus), often for emergency surgery for stomach search.

Celiac Disease

Introduction

Celiac disease (netropska sprue, gluten enteropathy, celiac sprue) is a congenital disease in which the allergic intolerance of gluten protein causes changes in the intestine that result in malabsorption.

Celiac disease has one of the 300 people in southwest Ireland, and one or more than 5,000 in North America. This is a congenital disorder caused by sensitivity to gluten, a protein found in wheat and rye, and to a lesser extent in barley and oats. In this disease part of the gluten molecule combines with antibodies in the small intestine, causing the normal intestinal mucosa, which looks like brushes, becomes flat. As a result, we have a smooth surface that food poorly digested and absorbed. When avoiding foods that contain gluten, it is usually normal Bristle area recover and return to normal bowel function.

Symptoms

Celiac disease can begin at any age. In children, it does not appear any symptoms before they first ate foods containing gluten. Celiac disease often does not cause diarrhea or fatty stools, and a child may have only mild symptoms, which are interpreted as an ordinary stomach disorder. However, some children do not grow normally, suffer from painful swelling in the abdomen and begin to erupt pale, smelly, abundant chair. Iron deficiency anemia occurs. If the level of protein in the blood drops low enough, the child retains fluids and tissues may swell (edema).In some people the symptoms do not occur until adulthood.

Nutritional deficiencies that occur due to poor absorption, celiac disease can cause additional symptoms. These symptoms include weight loss, joint pain, and feel bites nails and needles in hands and feet. Some people who have celiac disease in childhood can have an abnormally bent long bones. Depending on the severity and duration of the disease, a person may have low blood levels of protein, calcium, potassium and sodium. Lack of prothrombin, which is important in blood clotting, leading to the formation of light leak and prolonged bleeding after an injury. Girls with celiac disease can be no menstruation.

Diagnosis

Doctors suspect the celiac pale when they see a child who has a skinny ass and bulging belly, despite adequate nutrition, especially if there is a family history of the disease. Doctor helps in diagnosis results Rtg and laboratory tests. Sometimes it is useful laboratory test in which we measured the absorption of xylose, a simple sugar.

Diagnosis is confirmed by examination of a biopsy specimen showing flat lining of the small intestine, and subsequently fixing the lining after a person stops eating gluten products.

Treatment

Symptoms can cause eating even small amounts of gluten from the diet, and to exclude all gluten. Gluten is so widely used in food products for people with this disease have a detailed list of foods you should avoid and the expert advice of a dietician, as gluten is found in artificial soups, sauces, ice cream and hot dogs.

Sometimes children who are seriously ill at the first diagnosis to be fed intravenously. Adults such a diet is rarely needed.

Some people are poor or do not respond to the elimination of gluten. This may be either because of inaccurate diagnosis, either because the disease has entered the stage where you do not respond. In the case of the other, can be helpful corticosteroids.

Some people with celiac disease, who avoided gluten long time, can not bear reintroduction of gluten in foods. Try to re-introduce gluten may be prudent, but if the symptoms reappear, gluten should be immediately removed from the diet.

Food gluten significantly improves the prognosis for children and adults. However, celiac disease can be fatal, mainly for adults with severe disease. A small percentage of adults can develop lymphoma (a type of cancer) in the intestine. It is not known whether this reduces the risk strict adherence to a gluten-free diet.

Hemorrhagic colitis

Introduction

Hemorrhagic colitis is a type of gastroenteritis in which some strains of Escherichia coli (E. coli) infection colon and produce a poison that causes sudden bloody diarrhea and sometimes severe complications.

In North America, the most common strain of E. coli that causes hemorrhagic colitis is called E. coli 0157: H7. This strain occurs in the intestines of healthy cattle. Outbreaks can occur by eating undercooked beef, especially ground beef, or drinking unpasteurized milk. This disease can also spread from person to person, especially among children in diapers. Hemorrhagic colitis can occur in people of all ages ..

E. coli toxins damage the lining of the colon. If you are absorbed into the bloodstream and can affect other organs, such as kidneys.

Symptoms

Severe abdominal cramps begin suddenly with watery diarrhea that usually within 24 hours becomes bloody. Body temperature is usually normal people, or slightly above normal, but sometimes it can reach more than 38.8 ° C. Diarrhoea usually lasts 1-8 days.

About 50% of people infected with E. coli 0157: H7 obtained hemolytic-uraemic syndrome. Symptoms include anemia caused by the breakdown of red blood cells (hemolytic anemia) and low platelet count (thrombocytopenia) and sudden kidney failure. Some people get it and epileptic convulsions, stroke or other complications of nerve damage or brain. These complications typically develop in the second week of illness, and they may precede temperature elevation. Hemolytic-uraemic syndrome frequently develops in children under 5 and the elderly. Even without these complications in the elderly hemorrhagic colitis can cause death.

Diagnosis and Treatment

Doctor usually suspected hemorrhagic colitis when people say they have bloody diarrhea. For the diagnosis of the doctor giving stool samples to examine E. coli 0157: H7. These samples should be obtained within one week of the onset of symptoms.

Other tests, such as colonoscopy, can be done if the doctor suspects that the cause of bloody diarrhea may be other diseases.

The most important thing in the treatment is to drink plenty of fluids to compensate the loss of fluid and adherence to a bland diet. Antibiotics do not ease the symptoms, do not remove bacteria or prevent complications. People who get complications will likely need intensive care in hospital, including dialysis.